An exempt-interest dividend is a type of dividend paid by certain mutual funds that invest in municipal bonds or other tax-exempt securities. These dividends are generally exempt from federal income tax and, in some cases, state and local income taxes, providing a tax advantage to investors. To qualify for tax-exempt status, the mutual fund must primarily invest in bonds issued by state and local governments.

Here are key points about exempt-interest dividends:

1. **Investment in Tax-Exempt Securities:**
– Mutual funds that declare exempt-interest dividends primarily invest in municipal bonds issued by state and local governments. These bonds are typically issued to fund public projects such as schools, roads, and infrastructure.

2. **Tax-Advantaged Income:**
– The income generated from investing in tax-exempt securities is exempt from federal income tax. This means that investors who receive exempt-interest dividends do not have to include this income when calculating their federal taxable income.

3. **State and Local Tax Considerations:**
– In addition to being exempt from federal income tax, exempt-interest dividends may also be exempt from state and local income taxes, depending on the specific laws of the investor’s state. Investors should check the tax implications in their state of residence.

4. **Types of Municipal Bonds:**
– Municipal bonds come in various types, including general obligation bonds and revenue bonds. The interest income from both types of bonds may qualify for tax-exempt status, but the specific characteristics of each bond may vary.

5. **Reporting on Tax Forms:**
– Investors who receive exempt-interest dividends will receive tax documentation, such as Form 1099-INT or Form 1099-DIV, from the mutual fund. This documentation provides details about the dividends received and any taxable or exempt portions.

6. **Alternative Minimum Tax (AMT):**
– While exempt-interest dividends are generally exempt from regular federal income tax, they may still be subject to the Alternative Minimum Tax (AMT) for some investors. The AMT is a separate tax calculation that includes certain tax preference items.

7. **Investor Considerations:**
– Exempt-interest dividends are particularly attractive to investors in higher tax brackets since they offer a way to generate income without incurring federal income tax. However, investors should carefully consider their overall investment objectives and tax situation before investing in funds that provide exempt-interest dividends.

Investors interested in tax-exempt income may find exempt-interest dividends from municipal bond funds to be a tax-efficient investment option. However, it’s important to assess the specific characteristics and risks of any investment, and individuals should consult with tax professionals for personalized advice based on their unique financial situations.